Zinthu zomwe zikuluzikulu za valavu ziyenera choyamba kuganizira zathupi (kutentha, kukakamizidwa) ndi mankhwala (zipatso) za sing'anga yogwira ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kudziwa ukhondo wa sing'anga (ngakhale pali tinthu tokha). Kuphatikiza apo, malangizo oyenera ndi zofunikira za boma ndi madipatimenti ogwiritsa ntchito adzatchulidwanso.
Mitundu yambiri yazinthu zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za mavavu omwe ali ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, moyo wachuma kwambiri komanso ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya valavu imatha kupezeka ndi kusankha koyenera komanso kosayenera kwa zida za valavu.
Zofala za Valve Thupi
1. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati madzi, nthunzi, mafuta ndi gasi ngati sing'anga, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndi kupaka utoto ndi zinthu zina zambiri zomwe sizimakhudza kuwonongeka kwa chitsulo.
Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku mavuvu otsika kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa - 15 ~ 200 ℃ ndi kupanikizika kwa nomwenal wa PN 1.6MPA.
chithunzi
2.
Media ndi madzi, madzi am'nyanja, gasi, ammonia, etc.
3. Nodelar chinati chitsulo cha chitsulo chimakhala ngati chitsulo chopondaponda chimakhala chachitsulo chotchedwa chitsulo cha chitsulo. Glakiphite yofuula imvi yotayidwa itasinthidwa ndi podula graphite kapena graphular graphy. Kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake katsulo kameneka kumapangitsa kuti katundu wake azikhala bwino kuposa imvi wamba, ndipo sawononga katundu wina. Chifukwa chake, mavuvu opangidwa ndi chitsulo cha Ductile amakhala ndi mtima wokakamizidwa kuposa zopangidwa ndi imvi. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ma valves otsika ndi kutentha kwa - 30 ~ 350 ℃ ndi kupanikizika kwa nomwenal wa PN 4.0MPA.
Medium yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madzi, madzi am'nyanja, nthunzi, mpweya, mafuta, mafuta, etc.
4. Komabe, chifukwa cha ntchito yabwino ya mavasi a carbon steves ndi kukana kwawo kwamphamvu chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke zimakulitsidwa, nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizira mavesi a chitsulo, nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizira mavesi achitsulo ndi ma valve.
Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mavuluwo komanso okwera kwambiri okhala ndi kutentha kwa - 29 ~ 425 ℃. Kutentha kwa 16n ndi 30mn kuli pakati - 40 ~ 400 ℃, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito posinthira Astm A105. Medium yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito imadzaza ndi nthunzi yokhazikika. Zogulitsa komanso zotsika mtengo zamafuta, mafuta amwazi, oponderezedwa, madzi, mafuta achilengedwe, etc.
5.. Mavesi opangidwa ndi zinthuzi ndioyenera kufotokozera zotsatirazi, monga madzi am'nyanja, kaboni dayokisi, acetylene, propylene ndi Ethylene.
Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku mavuvu otsika otsika ndi kutentha kogwiritsira ntchito pakati - 46 ~ 345 ℃.
6. Mavesi omwe amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chotsika (WC6, WC9) ndi chitsulo chotsika (monga ma carbon molbdenum chitsulo) chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamiyala yambiri, kuphatikiza mafuta ambiri, mafuta otentha ndi mpweya. Kutentha kwa valavu ya kaboni yachitsulo kumatha kukhala 500 ℃, ndipo za valve yotsika ya alloy ikhoza kukhala pamwamba 600 ℃. Kutentha kwakukulu, makinawo amakina a chitsulo chotsika ndizokwera kuposa katemberero kaboni.
Kutentha kwakukulu ndi mavuvu othamanga kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku minofu yopanda kutentha ndi kutentha kogwira ntchito pakati - 29 ~ 595 ℃; C5 ndi C12 ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda wautali komanso mavu othamanga kwambiri pazowonongera ndi kutentha pakati - 29 ndi 650 ℃.
7.. Austetic osapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga zitsulo zosakhazikika zili ndi zaka za 18% chromium ndi 8% nickel. 18-8 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thupi la valve ndi zinthu zopanda kutentha kwambiri komanso zotsika mtengo komanso mikhalidwe yolimba. Kuphatikiza molybdenum mpaka matrix a 18-8 osapanga dzimbiri komanso kuchuluka pang'ono kwa nickel kumawonjezera mphamvu yawo yopumira. Mavesi opangidwa ndi zitsulo izi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga mankhwala, monga kufotokozera acetic acid, alkali, bulichi, chakudya, msuzi wambiri ndi zinthu zina zambiri zamankhwala.
Pofuna kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwakukulu ndikusintha kapangidwe kazinthu, Niobium imawonjezedwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi 18-10-nb. Kutentha kumatha kukhala 800 ℃.
Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha pang'ono ndipo sizikhala zolimba, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zinthuzi (monga 18-0-3mo) ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha pang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, imanyamula mpweya wamadzi, monga mpweya wachilengedwe, biogas, mpweya ndi nayitrogeni.
Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku mavavu okhala ndi mizu yamvula yokhala ndi kutentha kogwira ntchito pakati - 196 ~ 600 ℃. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhalanso ndi mafuta ocheperako ochepera.
chithunzi
8. Plastics ndi ceramics ndi zinthu zonse zosavomerezeka. Mbali yayikulu kwambiri ya mavesi osavomerezeka ndi kukana kwawo kolimba, komanso kukhala ndi zabwino zomwe zitsulo zakuthupi sizingakhale nazo. Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzomwe zimayambitsa zithunzi za nominal pn ≤ 1.6mka ndi kutentha kwamphamvu kosaposa 60 ℃, ndipo osagwirizana ndi ma Union Spell Bioni amagwiranso ntchito pa malonda amadzi. Zinthu zomwe zikuluzikulu za valavu ziyenera choyamba kuganizira zathupi (kutentha, kukakamizidwa) ndi mankhwala (zipatso) za sing'anga yogwira ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kudziwa ukhondo wa sing'anga (ngakhale pali tinthu tokha). Kuphatikiza apo, malangizo oyenera ndi zofunikira za boma ndi madipatimenti ogwiritsa ntchito adzatchulidwanso.
Mitundu yambiri yazinthu zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za mavavu omwe ali ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, moyo wachuma kwambiri komanso ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya valavu imatha kupezeka ndi kusankha koyenera komanso kosayenera kwa zida za valavu.
Post Nthawi: Feb-28-2023